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PT-141 (bremelanotide)

A US medicine for low sexual desire in women (Vyleesi).

StatusUS prescription medicine (Vyleesi, 2019); not authorised in EU/UK
How well studied in peopleApproved medicine
Experts quoted4 experts

iNot medical advice. We don’t recommend any dose. Every dose below is a quote from the person named, describing their views or their own use. Bremelanotide is approved in the US as Vyleesi for premenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. It is not authorised in the EU or UK. Use outside the label requires a prescriber.

What experts say about dosing

2 statements from 2 people. Each one is word for word: we add punctuation only and mark cuts with […]. The chips repeat the exact words used.

Nicholas TrigiliHuman performance specialist and coach; fitness YouTuber

As needed, plus 2–3 times a week for clients

Dose
“1 to 2 milligrams”
How often
“as needed … two to three times per week”
How taken
“subq”
When
“roughly 1 to two hours before”
Also said
“Start at the lower end”

“PT-141 is dosed at typically 1 to 2 milligrams subq and it's used on an as needed basis, roughly 1 to two hours before you know you know what. For most of the clients that I work with, the sweet spot is two to three times per week throughout the cycle and as needed dose in layering on top of that when you actually want it. […] Start at the lower end though because PT-141 can cause a transient nausea and facial flushing.”

Watch at 17:42Top 6 RETATRUTIDE Stacks to Get Shredded in 2026 (Nicholas Trigili) · upload date not confirmed

Context: The cut removes his explanation of keeping the pathway “responsive”. He says in his videos that he is not a doctor.

Dr Jones DCDoctor of chiropractic (DC); YouTube channel on peptides and GLP-1 medications

Dose range and maximum use

Dose
“a half to one and a half milligrams”
How often
“Maximum usage three times per week”
How taken
“injection or nasal”
When
“45 to 60 minutes before”

“Doing can be anywhere between a half to one and a half milligrams per dose, administered about 45 to 60 minutes before playtime. You can actually use the injection or nasal, but I noticed the injection is much better. But here's the important part. Maximum usage three times per week. This isn't something that you want to use daily.”

Watch at 6:24Doctor Reveals The 10 Most POWERFUL Peptide Stacks (Dr Jones DC) · 17 Oct 2025

Context: “Doing” is how the captions render “Dosing”. The section is about PT-141 (bremelanotide).

What experts say about safety

3 statements from 2 people about risks and how strong the evidence is.

Andrew HubermanNeuroscientist, Stanford School of Medicine; host of Huberman Lab

Approval and off-label use

“And PT-141 is also known as the prescription drug Vyleesi. PT-141 or Vyleesi is FDA approved for the treatment of premenopausal hypoactive sexual desire. So this is FDA approved for the treatment of women that have suppressed libido. However men also will take Vyleesi for hypoactive sexual desire. This is obviously prescribed off-label […] but keep in mind as with the other peptides in this pathway, Vyleesi will stimulate pigmentation.”

Watch at 1:16:15Huberman Lab: Benefits & Risks of Peptide Therapeutics for Physical & Mental Health · 1 Apr 2024 · show notes

Context: He gives no dose. The cut removes a filler word.

Side effects of melanocortin peptides

“Now, there are some side effects associated with these compounds. Uh one of the more common ones is nausea, and that's because there are melanocyte stimulating um hormone receptors all throughout the gut. They can also cause flushing of the skin, and they can cause blood pressure to increase. Also, folks with melanoma should be very cautious about using any of the peptides that stimulate melanocytes because that could potentially exacerbate melanoma.”

Watch at 1:16:54Huberman Lab: Benefits & Risks of Peptide Therapeutics for Physical & Mental Health · 1 Apr 2024 · show notes

Context: Said about PT-141 and the melanotan peptides together.

Vigorous SteveBodybuilding coach and YouTuber (VigorousSteve)

Own experience: libido

“out of all the choices that we have, I would forego Melanotan 2, I would forego PT-141, I would forego Selank […] And even though I got a libido boost from PT-141, it's not anywhere close to the libido boost I got from Semax.”

Watch at 3:07Oxytocin: The Performance Enhancer Nobody Is Talking About (VigorousClips) · 13 Feb 2026

Context: Comparing compounds he has tried for libido. He gives no PT-141 dose. The cut removes his comment on Selank.

Go deeper

What the research used

Context, not a dosing guide. These are the conditions used in the clinical trials that led to approval in women. They are not a guide for other uses.

Human trials

StudyStudied inWhat the study usedWhat it found
Kingsberg et al., 2019, Obstet Gynecol (RECONNECT)PubMed 315998401,267 premenopausal women with HSDD (two phase 3 trials)1.75 mg subcutaneous, as needed, 24 weeksImproved desire and less distress vs placebo; nausea, flushing and headache more common
Clayton et al., 2016, Womens HealthPubMed 27181790Premenopausal women with sexual dysfunction (phase 2b)0.75, 1.25 or 1.75 mg subcutaneous, self-administered as desired, 12 weeks1.25/1.75 mg improved satisfying sexual events and function scores vs placebo
Diamond et al., 2004, Int J Impot ResPubMed 14963471Healthy men and men with erectile dysfunctionIntranasal PT-141, single dosesErectile response vs placebo at doses above 7 mg; flushing and nausea most common

Reviews

  • Clayton et al., 2022, J Womens Health. PubMed 35147466. Pooled safety data: nausea 40.0% vs 1.3% with placebo, flushing 20.3%; focal hyperpigmentation when dosed on many consecutive days; small transient blood-pressure rises.
What we don’t know yet
  • Approved trials were in premenopausal women; evidence in men is limited to early studies.
  • Nausea is common and was the main reason people stopped in trials.
  • Can cause small, temporary rises in blood pressure.
  • Grey-market “PT-141” is unregulated.
Common questions

Is PT-141 approved?

Yes, in the US: bremelanotide (Vyleesi) was approved in 2019 for premenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. It is not authorised in the EU or UK.

What are the common side effects?

In trials: nausea, flushing and headache. Huberman also mentions blood-pressure increases and pigmentation; see the quotes.

Why does the protocol section only contain quotes?

We do not write our own dose ranges. The protocol cards show, word for word, what named people have publicly said, with their caveats and a link to the source.

About this page

Word-for-word statements about PT-141, an approved treatment for low sexual desire in women in the US, each with a link to the source. The clinical trials are listed separately as context.

Also known as
Bremelanotide; Vyleesi
Type
Synthetic melanocortin-receptor agonist
Last updated
11 Oct 2026

Last reviewed 11 Oct 2026 · Compiled by the Peptide Dosing editorial team · How we check quotes